Summary 

In the article, based on the short analysis of the four phases of the Nanotechnology industrial revolutions is underlined that, the term "nanotechnology" was first used by Japanese Noryo Tanyuguchi at the end of the last century (1974), and the primary care of its development began at the end of the XX and at the beginning19th century. The content of the term is explained and the countries are named where nanotechnology intensive studies are underway (developed countries). It is an inter-sectoral discipline that combines physics, chemistry, biology, electronics, medicine and more. There  is involved a variety of groups of different directions and countries and scientists. It is suggested that the technologies created by nanotechnology in the most recent years will completely change the way of life of the world. With the help of nanotechnology, many devices which are not in nature will be created and can be successfully used in medicine, electronics, energy and even in unfamiliar areas. The world economy will work on the basis of other principles, and the creative man will occupy the central place in it. However, the effect of nanotechnology is accompanied by a number of negative sides, including the complete disappearance of nonnanotechnological production lines, reduction of jobs, expansion of monopoly structures, outdated economic infrastructure in the nano-economics, etc. However, if we compare the nanotechnology positive and negative sides positive sides will win and if by the efforts of the leadership of the states and their community the social and material status of human beings will be improved the number of dissatisfied people will be significantly decreased and nanotechnologies will be used for their benefit.